Tuesday, December 24, 2019

Essay about External and Internal Environments - 2919 Words

Introduction: In researching an industry for this assignment I chose the sporting goods industry that is a major industry with over $3 billion in sales per year. Within that industry I chose a company that I am familiar with â€Å"The Adidas Group.† The Adidas group is a publically traded company in Europe and with globalization it has increased its shares in the market. Adidas being traded on the European market is what we call an overnight stock. These stocks are traded at night here in the United States and open after the New York Stock Exchange closes at 4:00 PM eastern time. I will choose two segments of the general environment business factors that I feel influence this company and the industry to assess how they affect both Adidas†¦show more content†¦In order to choose any segment of a general environment, we must first understand what general industry competitor environments are and how the environmental elements work. The General environment is composed of dimensions in the broader society that influence an industry and the firms within it. These are grouped into seven segments the Demographic segment; the Economic segment; the Political/ Legal segment; the Sociocultural segment; the Technological segment; the Global segment; and the Physical environment segment (Hitt, Ireland, Hoskisson, 2013). The two highest ranking segments of the general environment for the Adidas Group are the sociocultural segment which is concerned with society’s attitudes and cultural values and Global segment which includes new global markets, existing mar kets that are changing (Hitt, Ireland, Hoskisson, 2013). The Adidas Group’s sustainability strategy is rooted in the Group’s values – performance, passion, integrity and diversity. It is built on the achievements and learnings from previous years while taking into account the societal landscape and future global trends (Adidas, 2015). The firm operates on a four Pillar policy People, Product, Planet and Partnership with the following explanation: People: We positively influence theShow MoreRelatedExternal and Internal Environments1994 Words   |  8 Pages External and Internal Environments The survival of a corporation requires two elements: the strategic management of both its external and internal environments. The absence of either environment results in limited profitability. Whether a corporation is dealing with the growing concerns of technological changes or Internet privacy, external and internal factors will have a significant impact on day-to-day operations. Savvy corporations understand that focusing on creating and implementing aRead MoreInternal And External Environments :1252 Words   |  6 PagesInternal and External Environments 1. Describe the physical setting in which this community is located. (In a geographical setting, use information from a windshield survey. What do you see as you drive through this community: parkland, terrain, dense housing, industry, pollution, climate, etc. For communities confined to a single location look at facilities and resources, eg, in a classroom you might look at size, layout, light, noise, temperature, and adequacy and state of repair of desks.) †¢Read MoreExternal and Internal Environments3129 Words   |  13 PagesAssignment 2: External and Internal Environments Business 499 Zavier Pyles Professor May January 30th, 2013 Vroom Vroom! This is the welcomed sound that automobile owners and manufacturers like to hear. It is the sound of completion, success, and satisfaction. But what happens when this sound is drowned out by weakened profits, customer dissatisfaction, and industry weakness? In comes the government bailout of the automobile industry. In recent years, 2008-2010, Ford, GM, and ChryslerRead MoreExternal and Internal Environments3320 Words   |  13 Pagesï » ¿ External and Internal Environments Abstract PepsiCo Inc. is one of the leading brands in the worlds food and beverage industry. It operates globally with a strong customer base and a wide array of products. This paper analyzes the general business environment for this leading food and beverage brand in order to assess what strategies it has been pursuing to operate in this challenging and complex environment. The analysis of internal and external environment has also been done in a viewRead MoreInternal Environment and External Environment3981 Words   |  16 PagesSection 1 Internal environment and external environment Internal environment †¢ Manager: On one hand, in order to understand a management situation of a company, the organization structure is the key issues which should be involved. Xin hua bookstore is being a traditional organization has the traditional structure that functional organization structure. This type of organization always has many layers including senior management, middle management and base management level in the pyramidRead MoreExternal and Internal Environments2173 Words   |  9 PagesAssignment 2: External and Internal Environments Monique Allen Brodnax BUS 499 Business Administration Capstone Dr. Lucinda Blue Strayer University July 28, 2012 Segments of the General Environment Introduction This research paper will describe Capital One’s general environment, technology and political and legal segments, forces of competition, Predicting and addressingRead MoreExternal and Internal Environment Analysis1429 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONEMNT External and Internal Environment Analysis Bharti Gupta University of Phoenix External and Internal Environment Analysis: Mayo Clinic The purpose of this paper is to analyze the External and Internal environmental factors of Mayo Clinic (MC). Mayo Clinic is a nonprofit worldwide leader in medical care, research and education for people from all walks of life (Mayo Clinic,  2011). Various types of external and internal factors affect theRead MoreExternal and Internal Environment Analysis1565 Words   |  7 PagesExternal and Internal Environmental Analysis This environmental analysis will provide a complete external environmental scan designed to provide RoyalBlu Invites with the tools needed to identify the organizations strength and weaknesses. Furthermore, including an assessment of the company resources. This analysis will assess the organization competitive position and possibilities of growth. An explanation of how the external environment affects RoyalBlu Invites structure and organizational performanceRead MoreInternal And External Environment Of Homeostasis1591 Words   |  7 Pagesconstant internal environment, regardless of what is going on in the external environment. This process ensures the bodily functions and chemicals are kept in a state of balance which in return allows the body to function optimally. Homeostasis requires coordination of the hormonal (endocrine system) and nervous systems, which together regulate the activity of the body’s organ systems. The regulatory activities are constantly adjusted in res ponse to stimuli (change) from both the internal and externalRead MoreInternal And External Environments Of Business1568 Words   |  7 Pagesorganisation operates, either in a positive or negative way. These circumstances that may have a positive or negative effect on the organisation, are known as ‘Environmental Factors’. (Internal and External Environments of Business: Lesson Quiz Study.com. 2015. n.d.). This essay will discuss how changes in the external environment can have an effect on an organisation, particularly focusing on Amazon.com, Inc. Whilst looking at how Amazon.com, Inc. have adapted to these changes. Amazon.com, Inc. is an Electronic

Essay about External and Internal Environments - 2919 Words

Introduction: In researching an industry for this assignment I chose the sporting goods industry that is a major industry with over $3 billion in sales per year. Within that industry I chose a company that I am familiar with â€Å"The Adidas Group.† The Adidas group is a publically traded company in Europe and with globalization it has increased its shares in the market. Adidas being traded on the European market is what we call an overnight stock. These stocks are traded at night here in the United States and open after the New York Stock Exchange closes at 4:00 PM eastern time. I will choose two segments of the general environment business factors that I feel influence this company and the industry to assess how they affect both Adidas†¦show more content†¦In order to choose any segment of a general environment, we must first understand what general industry competitor environments are and how the environmental elements work. The General environment is composed of dimensions in the broader society that influence an industry and the firms within it. These are grouped into seven segments the Demographic segment; the Economic segment; the Political/ Legal segment; the Sociocultural segment; the Technological segment; the Global segment; and the Physical environment segment (Hitt, Ireland, Hoskisson, 2013). The two highest ranking segments of the general environment for the Adidas Group are the sociocultural segment which is concerned with society’s attitudes and cultural values and Global segment which includes new global markets, existing mar kets that are changing (Hitt, Ireland, Hoskisson, 2013). The Adidas Group’s sustainability strategy is rooted in the Group’s values – performance, passion, integrity and diversity. It is built on the achievements and learnings from previous years while taking into account the societal landscape and future global trends (Adidas, 2015). The firm operates on a four Pillar policy People, Product, Planet and Partnership with the following explanation: People: We positively influence theShow MoreRelatedExternal and Internal Environments1994 Words   |  8 Pages External and Internal Environments The survival of a corporation requires two elements: the strategic management of both its external and internal environments. The absence of either environment results in limited profitability. Whether a corporation is dealing with the growing concerns of technological changes or Internet privacy, external and internal factors will have a significant impact on day-to-day operations. Savvy corporations understand that focusing on creating and implementing aRead MoreInternal And External Environments :1252 Words   |  6 PagesInternal and External Environments 1. Describe the physical setting in which this community is located. (In a geographical setting, use information from a windshield survey. What do you see as you drive through this community: parkland, terrain, dense housing, industry, pollution, climate, etc. For communities confined to a single location look at facilities and resources, eg, in a classroom you might look at size, layout, light, noise, temperature, and adequacy and state of repair of desks.) †¢Read MoreExternal and Internal Environments3129 Words   |  13 PagesAssignment 2: External and Internal Environments Business 499 Zavier Pyles Professor May January 30th, 2013 Vroom Vroom! This is the welcomed sound that automobile owners and manufacturers like to hear. It is the sound of completion, success, and satisfaction. But what happens when this sound is drowned out by weakened profits, customer dissatisfaction, and industry weakness? In comes the government bailout of the automobile industry. In recent years, 2008-2010, Ford, GM, and ChryslerRead MoreExternal and Internal Environments3320 Words   |  13 Pagesï » ¿ External and Internal Environments Abstract PepsiCo Inc. is one of the leading brands in the worlds food and beverage industry. It operates globally with a strong customer base and a wide array of products. This paper analyzes the general business environment for this leading food and beverage brand in order to assess what strategies it has been pursuing to operate in this challenging and complex environment. The analysis of internal and external environment has also been done in a viewRead MoreInternal Environment and External Environment3981 Words   |  16 PagesSection 1 Internal environment and external environment Internal environment †¢ Manager: On one hand, in order to understand a management situation of a company, the organization structure is the key issues which should be involved. Xin hua bookstore is being a traditional organization has the traditional structure that functional organization structure. This type of organization always has many layers including senior management, middle management and base management level in the pyramidRead MoreExternal and Internal Environments2173 Words   |  9 PagesAssignment 2: External and Internal Environments Monique Allen Brodnax BUS 499 Business Administration Capstone Dr. Lucinda Blue Strayer University July 28, 2012 Segments of the General Environment Introduction This research paper will describe Capital One’s general environment, technology and political and legal segments, forces of competition, Predicting and addressingRead MoreExternal and Internal Environment Analysis1429 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONEMNT External and Internal Environment Analysis Bharti Gupta University of Phoenix External and Internal Environment Analysis: Mayo Clinic The purpose of this paper is to analyze the External and Internal environmental factors of Mayo Clinic (MC). Mayo Clinic is a nonprofit worldwide leader in medical care, research and education for people from all walks of life (Mayo Clinic,  2011). Various types of external and internal factors affect theRead MoreExternal and Internal Environment Analysis1565 Words   |  7 PagesExternal and Internal Environmental Analysis This environmental analysis will provide a complete external environmental scan designed to provide RoyalBlu Invites with the tools needed to identify the organizations strength and weaknesses. Furthermore, including an assessment of the company resources. This analysis will assess the organization competitive position and possibilities of growth. An explanation of how the external environment affects RoyalBlu Invites structure and organizational performanceRead MoreInternal And External Environment Of Homeostasis1591 Words   |  7 Pagesconstant internal environment, regardless of what is going on in the external environment. This process ensures the bodily functions and chemicals are kept in a state of balance which in return allows the body to function optimally. Homeostasis requires coordination of the hormonal (endocrine system) and nervous systems, which together regulate the activity of the body’s organ systems. The regulatory activities are constantly adjusted in res ponse to stimuli (change) from both the internal and externalRead MoreInternal And External Environments Of Business1568 Words   |  7 Pagesorganisation operates, either in a positive or negative way. These circumstances that may have a positive or negative effect on the organisation, are known as ‘Environmental Factors’. (Internal and External Environments of Business: Lesson Quiz Study.com. 2015. n.d.). This essay will discuss how changes in the external environment can have an effect on an organisation, particularly focusing on Amazon.com, Inc. Whilst looking at how Amazon.com, Inc. have adapted to these changes. Amazon.com, Inc. is an Electronic

Essay about External and Internal Environments - 2919 Words

Introduction: In researching an industry for this assignment I chose the sporting goods industry that is a major industry with over $3 billion in sales per year. Within that industry I chose a company that I am familiar with â€Å"The Adidas Group.† The Adidas group is a publically traded company in Europe and with globalization it has increased its shares in the market. Adidas being traded on the European market is what we call an overnight stock. These stocks are traded at night here in the United States and open after the New York Stock Exchange closes at 4:00 PM eastern time. I will choose two segments of the general environment business factors that I feel influence this company and the industry to assess how they affect both Adidas†¦show more content†¦In order to choose any segment of a general environment, we must first understand what general industry competitor environments are and how the environmental elements work. The General environment is composed of dimensions in the broader society that influence an industry and the firms within it. These are grouped into seven segments the Demographic segment; the Economic segment; the Political/ Legal segment; the Sociocultural segment; the Technological segment; the Global segment; and the Physical environment segment (Hitt, Ireland, Hoskisson, 2013). The two highest ranking segments of the general environment for the Adidas Group are the sociocultural segment which is concerned with society’s attitudes and cultural values and Global segment which includes new global markets, existing mar kets that are changing (Hitt, Ireland, Hoskisson, 2013). The Adidas Group’s sustainability strategy is rooted in the Group’s values – performance, passion, integrity and diversity. It is built on the achievements and learnings from previous years while taking into account the societal landscape and future global trends (Adidas, 2015). The firm operates on a four Pillar policy People, Product, Planet and Partnership with the following explanation: People: We positively influence theShow MoreRelatedExternal and Internal Environments1994 Words   |  8 Pages External and Internal Environments The survival of a corporation requires two elements: the strategic management of both its external and internal environments. The absence of either environment results in limited profitability. Whether a corporation is dealing with the growing concerns of technological changes or Internet privacy, external and internal factors will have a significant impact on day-to-day operations. Savvy corporations understand that focusing on creating and implementing aRead MoreInternal And External Environments :1252 Words   |  6 PagesInternal and External Environments 1. Describe the physical setting in which this community is located. (In a geographical setting, use information from a windshield survey. What do you see as you drive through this community: parkland, terrain, dense housing, industry, pollution, climate, etc. For communities confined to a single location look at facilities and resources, eg, in a classroom you might look at size, layout, light, noise, temperature, and adequacy and state of repair of desks.) †¢Read MoreExternal and Internal Environments3129 Words   |  13 PagesAssignment 2: External and Internal Environments Business 499 Zavier Pyles Professor May January 30th, 2013 Vroom Vroom! This is the welcomed sound that automobile owners and manufacturers like to hear. It is the sound of completion, success, and satisfaction. But what happens when this sound is drowned out by weakened profits, customer dissatisfaction, and industry weakness? In comes the government bailout of the automobile industry. In recent years, 2008-2010, Ford, GM, and ChryslerRead MoreExternal and Internal Environments3320 Words   |  13 Pagesï » ¿ External and Internal Environments Abstract PepsiCo Inc. is one of the leading brands in the worlds food and beverage industry. It operates globally with a strong customer base and a wide array of products. This paper analyzes the general business environment for this leading food and beverage brand in order to assess what strategies it has been pursuing to operate in this challenging and complex environment. The analysis of internal and external environment has also been done in a viewRead MoreInternal Environment and External Environment3981 Words   |  16 PagesSection 1 Internal environment and external environment Internal environment †¢ Manager: On one hand, in order to understand a management situation of a company, the organization structure is the key issues which should be involved. Xin hua bookstore is being a traditional organization has the traditional structure that functional organization structure. This type of organization always has many layers including senior management, middle management and base management level in the pyramidRead MoreExternal and Internal Environments2173 Words   |  9 PagesAssignment 2: External and Internal Environments Monique Allen Brodnax BUS 499 Business Administration Capstone Dr. Lucinda Blue Strayer University July 28, 2012 Segments of the General Environment Introduction This research paper will describe Capital One’s general environment, technology and political and legal segments, forces of competition, Predicting and addressingRead MoreExternal and Internal Environment Analysis1429 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONEMNT External and Internal Environment Analysis Bharti Gupta University of Phoenix External and Internal Environment Analysis: Mayo Clinic The purpose of this paper is to analyze the External and Internal environmental factors of Mayo Clinic (MC). Mayo Clinic is a nonprofit worldwide leader in medical care, research and education for people from all walks of life (Mayo Clinic,  2011). Various types of external and internal factors affect theRead MoreExternal and Internal Environment Analysis1565 Words   |  7 PagesExternal and Internal Environmental Analysis This environmental analysis will provide a complete external environmental scan designed to provide RoyalBlu Invites with the tools needed to identify the organizations strength and weaknesses. Furthermore, including an assessment of the company resources. This analysis will assess the organization competitive position and possibilities of growth. An explanation of how the external environment affects RoyalBlu Invites structure and organizational performanceRead MoreInternal And External Environment Of Homeostasis1591 Words   |  7 Pagesconstant internal environment, regardless of what is going on in the external environment. This process ensures the bodily functions and chemicals are kept in a state of balance which in return allows the body to function optimally. Homeostasis requires coordination of the hormonal (endocrine system) and nervous systems, which together regulate the activity of the body’s organ systems. The regulatory activities are constantly adjusted in res ponse to stimuli (change) from both the internal and externalRead MoreInternal And External Environments Of Business1568 Words   |  7 Pagesorganisation operates, either in a positive or negative way. These circumstances that may have a positive or negative effect on the organisation, are known as ‘Environmental Factors’. (Internal and External Environments of Business: Lesson Quiz Study.com. 2015. n.d.). This essay will discuss how changes in the external environment can have an effect on an organisation, particularly focusing on Amazon.com, Inc. Whilst looking at how Amazon.com, Inc. have adapted to these changes. Amazon.com, Inc. is an Electronic

Monday, December 16, 2019

Whispered Solution Essay Topics Secrets

Whispered Solution Essay Topics Secrets Looking at ielts sample essays is a superb approach to understand how to improve. Geography is a dynamic subject that's vitally important and pertinent in the world today. Know where your paper should go before you start. After you inform us about all of the paper information, we'll begin trying to find an acceptable writer for your paper. The Pain of Solution Essay Topics Remember your essay is about solving problems, thus a solution ought to be a highlight of the essay. You're able to ask a pro write to aid you with choosing the subject, writing the outline or the total text and with editing and proofreading. Your essay is all but ready! Since you may see, the problem-solution essay is really simple when you know its basic elements. The very first step to writing a problem-solution essay is to recognize the problem which will be discussed. Writing a great problem-solution essay is an essential skill, not just for your career but for your civic-life too. Solution Essay Topics - the Story College degrees reduce the danger of divorce. You don't need to agree with the student to understand their perspective. In terms of the problem solution essay examples, college students may see them on the web. Often they get into a lot of stress to find the right topic for the essay. You're inviting the student to assist you fight that enemy. Major global company organizations should not forget that! Solution Essay Topics Options Thus, the causes and effects appear to be unknown to some. Explain its effects and the reason it's a matter that should be solved. The issue ought to be clearly defined, and the reasons for the problem needs to be identified if at all possible. The area of the problem also has to be described, together with the impacts of the issue and potential consequences of permitting the problem to continue unsolved. The argument with respect to child nutritional difficulties, particularly being overweight, can be managed. Future results of the problem can be utilised as leverage for the call to action. You should support the difficulties with the evidence that you could see in the reliable sources. A societal problem, is additionally a corporate issue. In the event that you still have questions, it is highly advisable to seek advice from your teacher. Tell our experts what sort of homework help on the internet you want to get. As with other essays, people frequently discover that it's challenging to choose a topic particularly when the instructor asks students to produce their own topics. All you will need is a simple topic. Characteristics of Solution Essay Topics The concept is to construct a dedicated community of former tech insiders that are working to correct the digital attention crisis and generate a new model. You should first analyse the question carefully to make sure that you see what you are being requested to do. Putting a kid facing a screen is among the simplest, quickest approaches to make them seem happier in the brief term. Use the aid of true academic experts and receive the service you have earned! But What About Solution Essay Topics? The ideal problem-solution topics are interesting and can be seen from several perspectives, but are likewise not so broad that a remedy to the issue is not possible to imagine. Before starting to program a remedy to your problem, make certain you have lots of examples of the way the solution should respond to various inputs. To put it simply, it describes an issue and suggests a solution. State issue and explain why a solution should be figured out. Identifying an issue and proposing one or more solutions ought to be a vital element in your essay. Advantages or disadvantages to every solution ought to be included, and feasibility of the proposed solutions. You could also check into possible remedies. After you've opted exactly what main problem you want to cure, it's important to select a choice. Top Choices of Solution Essay Topics The web increases the variety of happy long-distance relationships. There are a lot of solutions that should be implemented to handle criminals who reoffend. In fact, lots of smartphone users are in denial about the degree of distraction due to our devices. Whether you're constructing a new feature for an application with millions of users, or in the midst of a whiteboard interview, it's crucial that you have a plan before you get started coding.

Sunday, December 8, 2019

Malaysia Economic Performance-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Malaysian Economic Performance for the period 2005-2014. Answer: Introduction This economy is located in Southern Asia and is ranked 3rd in terms of its size. The 1st two are Indonesia and Thailand. In the worlds rank, its ranked 36th largest. An analysis of the wealthy of Southern Asia based on GDP per capita, the result shows that it is still the 3rd richest economy. This is an economy of rapid economic growth. Worldbank.org (2017) pointed out that this economy in an upper-middle income and that it is highly open. They also noted that growth and development commission has noted Malaysia to be among the thirteen economies that have recorded an annual growth rate of over 7% for many years. The economy has performed well in the past 25 years and have pushed its poverty level to the ground. The economy can be argued to nearly eliminating the existence of poverty which is a major issue for both the developing and developed economies. The population of Malaysia was 26,477,000 in 2005 compared to 30,709,000; this is from the data obtained from the International Mon etary Fund (IMF) (2017). This economy has an industrialized market economy that is new, open and state-oriented. It is highly competitive with improved easiness of doing business; it is ranked 14th in the world. Heritage.org (2017) argued that the competitiveness of this economy is accelerated by economic reforms. Regulatory adjustment have been undergone in the financial sector which include lowering the limits imposed earlier on financial subsectors foreign ownership. Malaysia is a major trading economy. Its imports and exports combined accounts for 134% of its total GDP. The biggest market for Malaysian export is Singapore at 13.6% of its total exports followed closely by China at 12.6%. Tin and rubber were the natural raw material initially produced in this economy dated 1970s, but the economy have diversified to be a leading producer of electrical appliances, parts and components, natural gas,and palm oil. Production Output Performance Analysis GDP Brezina (2012) defined GDP as the monetary value of goods and services a nation produced in a given period (usually a year). Basically it is a sum of everything that was bought for money during the given period. Its components are; governments expenditure be it on investment or other activities, consumption expenditure for everything bought by a consumer, investment expenditure, and the net export. The measurement is dome annually. This measure helps in measuring economic performance as the comparison of an annual GDP and the previous years gives the economic growth rate. GDP is normally calculated in nominal terms (current prices), but in some cases at constant prices (real GDP); this is when inflation changes are taken care of (Amadeo, 2017). The base year for the Malaysian real GDP on the past years is 2010. Malaysia Real GDP Growth Rate Growth rate is the change in the size of the economy recorded from one quarter to another (Kwak, 2009). It tells us how the size of the economy has changed. The economy could either expand or it can shrink. Constant prices is also used in the estimation of real GDP growth rate. In this case, the comparison is done on taking the real GDP instead of the nominal GDP. Growth rate is an important measure of economic performance as it helps the policy makers in understanding the actual performance of the economy. The concept of real GDP growth may result in making uninformed decision and real GDP may increase but no record of significant economic growth. Fig: Malaysia real GDP growth rate For the period 2005 to 2014, the Malaysian economy has had a good real GDP growth rate. From the diagram it can be deducted that for 9 years the growth rate was above 4.5%. It was only on a single year (2009) when this economys real GDP growth rate was on its lowest level; the negative record was made during the 2009 global financial crisis. The trend for Malaysian real GDP growth rate is positive. From 2005 to 2007, the rate was rising; it rose from 4.976% to 6.299% during this period. There was a fall from 6.299% in 2007 to 4.832% in 2008 before the negative record of 2009. This indicates that the impacts of 2009 GFC started in 2008. The recovery from the GFC was fast and rapid; it is in 2010 when Malaysia record of growth rate was the highest of the 10 years (7.528%). Although the growth rate for the following years were lower, the 2014 performance was high. This is an indicator that the growth rate will continue improving. Malaysia Real GDP per Capita GDP per capita is calculated by dividing the countrys GDP by its population. It is thus a measure of how much each person contributes to GDP. The greater the GDP per capita, the higher the standards of living (Viswanathan, 2017). An economy with high living standards is taken to be of better economic performance. Fig: Malaysia Real GDP per Capita Key: Series 2 Australia The trend for Malaysian real GDP per capita is positive. Observation from the graph above (Series 3) shows that this value has gone up year after year. The only period this economy experienced a fall in GDP per capital was from 2008 to 2009, but it has been on the rise since then. Series 2 represents the GDP per capita for Australia. The comparison with Malaysia shows that, Australian living standards in greater. In facts it is more than twice that of Malaysia. The trend for Australian GDP per capital is also positive. However, the fact that Malaysians living under poverty is less than 1% and that for Australia is on a higher proportion, the GDP per capital is not a good estimator of living standards. Governments Measures GDP The Malaysian government goal is to attain a high level of economic growth so as to rise to the level of world class developed economies. It has recognized some of the most important areas that drives its economic growth; one of such areas is on trade. As noted earlier, this economy is trade oriented and it contributes much to its GDP. There are many policies implementations that has been put into place to facilitate easiness of trading. Foreign investment has been improved by the elimination of the various national equity requirements. Trade freedom has been increased since the trade regime has been made relatively open. The government has prioritized improving its fiscal health as one of the measures to improve its economic growth; although this has exhibited a slow progress, it continues to be a priority. The government has an important goal of poverty eradication and thus has raised the tax on top individual income to 28%. This has enabled income redistribution. In turn, this has raised its GDP since lower poverty level has contributed to increased consumption of goods and services. This economy has proper policy measure to boost its economic growth rate since form the graph analysis of the real GDP growth rate it can be observed that every year the economy records a lower growth, it is followed by an improved rate the following year. Labour Market Analysis Unemployment Types There are several types of unemployment; one is the frictional unemployment experienced by those who quit jobs that are not satisfactory with an objective of getting employed elsewhere. This type may be voluntary and thus present in all economies. Second is the cyclical unemployment since there exist business cycles. Unemployment increases when businesses are performing poorly (Nash, 2017). Third is the structural unemployment resulting from technological advancements; new skills introduced in the market may not be held by all workers and thus those without them maybe laid off. Rather, the available job vacancies are not matching those held by those who are jobless. Lastly, the seasonal unemployment resulting from periodic production or changing climates. Unemployment Trend in Malaysia Fig: Unemployment in Malaysia Unlike many other world economies, Malaysian unemployment rate is on a negative trend. The rate was falling from 2005 to 2007, it rose slightly in 2008 and sharply in 2009. It continued falling in the following years until 2013 when the economy performed poorly; it rose slightly but fell to a very low level of 2.85% in 2014. The economy has been able to provide sufficient jobs owing to its fast growth rate. Government Measures Unemployment In order to improve the employment level which means lowering the unemployment rate, the Malaysian government has imposed various measures. One of them is by ensuring a fast growing economy. The achievement of this is by influencing its fiscal policies. In order to stimulate the economies to perform well and achieve expansion so as to employ additional labor, the government has lowered the corporate tax. This would mean that businesses would operate at a lower cost since corporate tax is part of their production costs. On the other hand, there has been an increased spending by the government which directly creates more jobs. The Malaysian government has also removed rigidity in the labor regulations by making them more flexible. Further, the government has ensured the absence of mandated minimum wages. Price Level Analysis Inflation Trend in Malaysia Baiden (2012) noted that the presence of inflation is when the average price level of goods and services in an economy rises rapidly. It is measured by the GDP deflator and the consumer price index. The purchasing power falls with the presence of inflation and thus it limits economic growth. Fig: Malaysia Inflation rate The Malaysian inflation rate is on a negative trend. The rate was on average very high in the periods before the 2009 GFC, but on average lower after the GFC. The inflation rate was very high in 2008 (5.429%), and lowest in 2009 (0.597%). This was a fast drop and thus the Malaysian economy measures of ensuring stable prices are effective. On average, the rate has been on the rise since the occurrence of the 2009 GFC. Causes of Inflation Inflation is caused by shortage of supply or an increased demand. At a lower supply, any increase in demand causes the supplier to raise the price (Moosa, 2014). Economists referred to this as demand-pull inflation. There are many factors that influence demand; increased income level or a reduced level of unemployment. At lower unemployment level, most people have jobs and thus they have income to demand goods and services. The other cause is based on the cost of raw materials; when the prices of raw materials rise, the producers are forced to push up the output prices. Economists referred to this as cost-push inflation. Government Measures Inflation Rao, Radhakrishna, Mishra Kata (2016) noted that the ministry of domestic trade and consumer affairs (KDPNHEP) checks and monitors the prices offered by traders to the consumers. This ensures that there is no increments in the prices for goods. The government introduced this ministry as a measure to contain inflation rate. Just in case there is a high inflation rate, the government employs the fiscal policies of tax rise and cutting of government spending, or rather the monetary policy of reduction in money supply or raising of interest rate. Conclusion For over 25 years this economy has experienced a growth rate of above 7 % and it is still forecasted to be sustained in the future owing to the continuing growth of its financial sector and also its competitiveness. Through improved easiness of going business, this economys economic performance is projected to continue rising. Through income redistribution, an economy achieves the objective of poverty eradication and subsequently raising the economys GDP. At very high poverty levels, most people in the economy do not have sufficient income to facilitate their consumption need and thus consumption which is a component of GDP remains low. The continued income growth and stability in the labor markets is expected to continue stimulating demand which is anchored to its economic growth. The growth of international trade has contributed to the expansion of the external sector which has made the Malaysian economys outlook to look more diversified. Although the economy was hit by the 2009 global financial crisis, there was a rapid recovery as from 2010 when on average, a growth rate of 5.7% annually was experienced. This was much higher than the average growth rate experienced between 2000 and 2008 after this economy recovered from the 1997-98 Asian Financial Crisis. There have been many policy measures behind the accelerated growth of this economy. Fiscal consolidation is one of the measures the Malaysian government has committed to in addition to the implementation of various reforms. It can thus be concluded that government intervention measures are the major reason for the improved growth of the Malaysian economy. Other economies may analyze the riskiness of the policies implemented in Malaysia and their effectiveness; if found effective, they should go ahead and implement them to promote their economic health. References Amadeo, K. (2017). What makes Real GDP so Incredibly Real? The Balance. Retrieved 9 August 2017, from https://www.thebalance.com/what-is-real-gdp-how-to-calculate-it-vs-nominal-3306040. Baiden, J. (2012). Inflation Targeting: Why the value of money matters to you. Bloomington: Xlibris Corporation. Brezina, C. (2012). Understanding the gross domestic product and the gross national product. New York, NY: Rosen Pub. Heritage.org. (2017). Malaysia Economy: Population, GDP, Inflation, Business, Trade, FDI, Corruption. Heritage.org. Retrieved 9 August 2017, from https://www.heritage.org/index/country/malaysia Imf.org. (2017). Report for Selected Countries and Subjects. Imf.org. Retrieved 11 August 2017, from https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2016/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2005ey=2014scsm=1ssd=1sort=countryds=.br=1pr1.x=39pr1.y=13c=548s=NGDP_R%2CNGDP_RPCH%2CNGDPRPC%2CPCPI%2CPCPIPCH%2CLUR%2CLPgrp=0a=. Kwak, J. (2009). GDP Growth Rates for Beginners. Baselinescenario.com. Retrieved 11 August 2017, from https://baselinescenario.com/2009/04/30/gdp-growth-rates-for-beginners/. Moosa, A. (2014). Quantitative easing as a highway to hyperinflation. Singapore: World Scientific Pub. Co. Nash, J. (2017). Three Types of Unemployment: Cyclical, Frictional Structural. Study.com. Retrieved 11 August 2017, from https://study.com/academy/lesson/three-types-of-unemployment-cyclical-frictional-structural.html. Rao, N., Radhakrishna, R., Mishra, R., Kata, V. (2016). Organized retailing and agri-business: implications of new supply chains on the Indian farm economy. New Delhi: Springer. Viswanathan, B. (2017). What is the meaning and significance of GDP per capita? Why does India have such a low GDP (nominal) per capita? Quora.com. Retrieved 10 August 2017, from https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-meaning-and-significance-of-GDP-per-capita-Why-does-India-have-such-a-low-GDP-nominal-per-capita Worldbank.org. (2017). Malaysia Overview. Worldbank.org. Retrieved 9 August 2017, from https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/malaysia/overview.

Sunday, December 1, 2019

Influence of Hello Kitty on Japanese women identity

Introduction For several decades now, art has influenced the social and economic life of people worldwide. Due to art, numerous animations have emerged, and thus aspect explains the origin and background of Hello Kitty, a Japanese animated cat stature that has received great public attention since its emergence back in the year 1974, in Japan. Hello Kitty has played a vital role in shaping the social and economic life of the Japanese people (McVeigh, 2000).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of Hello Kitty on Japanese women identity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In economical view, the cartoon-looking cat has influenced the market strategies used by companies to promote their goods. For instance, the animated cat enhanced the marketing of debit cards invented by credit card companies by attracting customers that led to massive profits. In shaping social life of the Japanese people, this bobtail cat has influence the living style of young women in Japan. However, it is not known to what extent the animated cat influences their identity. Hence, this essay seeks to establish how Hello Kitty Influences the structuring of Japanese women identity. Origin of Hello Kitty in Japan Hello Kitty is a Japanese bobtail cat that originated from the arts of a Japanese woman, Yuko Shimizu. Later on, a Japanese stationery company, Sanrio, introduced Kitty into the market. The doll initially targeted the adolescent females, but got public attention, and elder females and children familiarised with it. Hello Kitty has shaped the fashion culture in Japan with numerous women liking it from its logos on products to body tattoos (Kovarovic, 2011). Although men as well like the doll, it is a women subculture in Japan and the outskirts. The doll has received fame to the extent that it appears on a variety of products ranging from consumer products including school supplies, wallpapers, stickers, teddy bear s, and toys, greeting cards to electronics including phone accessories, computer products, and televisions to outfits including clothes, female handbags, and even jewelleries. The doll has also proven significant in enhancing companies’ promotional strategies; for instance, commercial companies, especially banks used Hello Kitty emblems to produce cheques, visa debit cards, and master cards.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The spread of Hello Kitty Hello Kitty spread from local Japanese market to international boundaries, influencing the cultural and personal lifestyles of people across the globe. After its release into the Japanese market, the animated cat got public attention due to its appearance and penetrated across international boundaries into the United States in the year 1976. As the cartooned cat become famous, its demand rose exponentially. It survived market c ompetition and managed to conquer and replace some American popular cultures. It captured American women with its incredible colours and its entire appearance. Kovarovic (2011) posits, â€Å"Consumerism in the US creates successful retail of Hello Kitty† (p.4). In fact, the youthfulness and cuteness of the cartoon attracted women of all ages, since old age in the US is associated with several negative aspects like becoming weak, unattractive, and lonely. The cat got a good reception in several other countries like Germany, Latin American, and Britain making changes in women of all ages. The influence of Hello Kitty on Fashion and Design Women appearance is normally their biggest concern. How they appear in the public eye is always their main worry, but Hello Kitty has significantly reduced their fret. The rise and fame of Hello Kitty penetrated the fashion and design industry from Japan to the heights of international borders. Since it targeted adolescent females, the designs were contrived to target the same population. This led to the adoption of art by designers and integrating it into different attires ranging from clothing, bracelets, handbags, and beautiful tattoos designed around their bodies. The animated cat came in lovely colours including the most attractive pink colour, which women love most (Wai-ming, 2002). Since the doll appeared as feminine, women wanted to mimic this appearance with most of them appearing in dresses with colours resembling those of Hello Kitty coupled with bracelets and handbags tattooed with its logo (Yano, 2009). Hello Kitty led to an advanced change in the Japanese women’s lifestyle ranging from cultural and economical to comparative perspectives. Since the innovation of the exquisite Hello Kitty animated cat, several intricate designs have emerged making it seem equally important in the dressing and life style of women.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of Hello Kitty on Japanes e women identity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To begin with, Hello Kitty has appeared on several women likings including the dresses, shoes, handbags, jewellery, tops, and even body designs including tattooing (Rebecca, 2012). It appears in several dimensions and styles. The animated cat appears in the form of printed images, photos, dolls, or even logos. With the rising fame of Hello Kitty, the same way women want to get public attention. The fashion and design companies ensured that the cat stature appeared in every new fashion and intricate designs. This triggered the appetite of women in dressing, forcing them to go round searching for popular branded Hello Kitty outfits. The animated cat significantly influenced the design companies outside Japan as it acquired extraordinary prominence in the United States, which is known for its influence in the international market. Hello Kitty’s Influence in Women identity The emerg ence of Hello Kitty portrays one important aspect of under contentment mostly found in several women, which influence the aspect of consumerism in the market. Generally, Hello Kitty changed the consumption level and trends in Japanese women (Yano, 2009). Consumerism and consumptions are two terms used to describe the tendency in which individuals use a certain product. Influence is simply the ability to cause a change either positive or negative. According to Rebecca (2012), since its appearance into the global market in early 1970s, the consumption trend of Hello Kitty products has been on a constant rise. Since women are trendy, Hello Kitty served their psychological needs. Their stylish desires contributed to an increase in consumption of Kitty’s products that appeared in different designed cuties and exotic appeals to trigger women’s level of the product consumerism (Yano, 2009). This consumerism factor influences the Japanese women identity. However, Hello Kitty i nfluences the structure of these women through its consumption in several ways. These include the following: Hello Kitty’s exotic appeal Since its emergence in the Japanese as well as the global market, Hello Kitty comes in a variety of cuties and appeals. These cuties and appeals were very strong since 1970s to 1980s, when Hello Kitty was the most popular cartooned art in that era. Its beautiful appearance in attractive tints including the most preferred women colours like white and pink enhanced the use and consumption of Hello Kitty and its respective products. Wai-ming (2002), observes that Japanese women, especially the young and adolescent ones, love exotic possessions especially those who have western qualities. Apart from the aspect of enthusing young females, the cartoon’s appearance takes the children and as well as the elderly in fantasies.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The children and the elderly like things that sooth their age as they hate being frustrated in their age. With the western identity, most female like associating themselves with Hello Kitty products. In short, the animated beautiful cat triggers women attention into emulating its qualities to bring out resemblance in appearance. Merchandisation of Hello Kitty Hello Kitty has survived market competition and antagonism for over thirty years. In fact, the animated cat has managed to manipulate the market and play in the monopolistic technique for several years. This merchandisation enables Hello Kitty to dominate the local, regional, and global markets around the universe. Wai-ming (2002), posits, â€Å"The merchandisation of the Hello Kitty makes it a decorative, useful and collectable item† (p.16). Different items and products are decorated in Hello Kitty’s logos, photos, scanned images, and even simple drawings. Products like school stationery including bags, books, pe ns, and pencils are decorated with Hello Kitty and other consumer goods like cutlery, handkerchiefs, women handbags, cosmetics, glasses, toasters, and electronics including mobile phone cases, CDs, DVD players, radio covers, computers accessories to even big commercial goods inclusive of bikes, cars, and aeroplanes. The Kitty cartoon has also been significant in helping Japanese banks to promote their services by using Kitty logos and photos on the bank account books, credit cards, and even visa cards. Global Reputation of Hello Kitty Hello Kitty and its products have constantly gained international demand. Through global industrialisation, Hello Kitty received substantial global popularisation making it the most renowned cartoon art all over the globe. To begin with, Hello Kitty has appeared in several meaningful occasions including those that are associated with prominent persons within the globe. According to Kovarovic (2011), the cartoon was once the most famous cartoon art used in the US. The cartoon has linked with several prominent states and leaders including the U.S. senate Byron Dorgan, who publicly displayed a one meter pre-paid debit card poster on the floor of the U.S. senate during the 2007-2010 financial crisis moments. The cartooned cat got popularisation to Thailand and its borders as the national police officers were punished for the contravention made by putting on Hello Kitty armbands as a form of punishment. This global fame makes Japanese women love to associate with the cartoon. Nature and culture of Japanese women The Kitty mania got support from the nature and culture of the Japanese women who are generally trendy. In women, Hello Kitty manoeuvred through the potentiality of the Japanese women culture of falling in love with fancy materials. Popularly known as â€Å"Kawaii†, is the degree of cuteness describing the Japanese culture (Kelly, 1986). This culture influences the shape in which manufactured materials like clothing, fo od, or even commercial goods appear. The culture greatly influences personal attributes and appearance. Wai-ming (2002) asserts that Japanese young women ranging from young teenage to adolescent and women in their late thirties are fond of liking fashion, and thus demonstrating their culture in products of every design. The music and drama industries are characterised by the use of such cartoon to attract fans from several parts of Japan. According to the culture, this cuteness is equally expected in both males and females. Therefore, due to the existing culture, Hello Kitty penetrated through the Japanese culture making it acceptable to people of every gender and age. Hello Kitty’s Literature The emergence of Hello Kitty led to great advancement in women identity and appearance with the literature of the cartoon, thus enhancing its consumption. The cartooned cat had several literatures produced in different forms. According to Moeran (2004), writers in Japan developed readin g materials like funny storybooks of Hello Kitty, photo galleries, newspapers, and magazines. Kitty’s literature was also established in love and romantic magazines, which most female and lovers became attracted to read. The literatures of Kitty products and goods diversified across e-resources like the Internet, which came in the form of kid games and relationship sites. Moeran (2004) asserts, â€Å"Women’s fashion magazines have for many years depicted in their pages European and American fashion designers of which Hello Kitty was been on regularly appearance† (p.56) indicating how women can shape their fashion and designs. Games of Kitty image seem attractive with romantic decors that trigger women into expanding their consumption on Kitty’s products. Sanrio’s Company Efforts Sanrio, the initiator and producing company of several Kitty products has adversely influenced how women and Hello Kitty relate. Sanrio ensured a positive relationship betw een the cartoon and customers, thus enhancing loyalty amongst consumers. Sun (2009) states, â€Å"This brand owns a group of loyal customers and so this Japanese company, Sanrio, receives wide support from those young women in Japan who prefer prettiness† (p.66). The company ensured that it enhanced corroborative techniques to substantiate with other companies that were wiling to design and improve products produced by Sanrio, the main company. The extension of Hello Kitty’s market into the United States was successful through Sanrio’s efforts. In fact, the company ensured that it produced goods that are friendly to most females to flavour the availability market influence of Hello Kitty. According to Sun (2009), the design around the image of Hello Kitty motivated the sense of concern and protection of these women. Music and Decors Music is a favourite element of almost everyone across the globe, with the taste depending on individual interest. Hello Kitty mana ged to capture the interest of several musicians who used the cartoon in their videos and live performance. Prominent musicians including Japanese culture musicians like Palmer and Yarckin used the cartoon in creating their popular Japanese cultural music like J-pop music and others. Since women love associating themselves with prominent people like music celebrities, this aspect played a significant role in influencing the consumption of Hello Kitty products. The Kitty products like band got prominence even in the late 1990s, as popular American artists like Marian Carey adopted Hello Kitty among their fashions. According to Rebecca (2012), musicians used the arts of the cartoon on nail decorations, which led other Japanese women to adopt the art. Rebecca (2012) asserts, â€Å"Nail art lessons in magazines include â€Å"tribal† designs and often touch upon the ‘ethnic’ aesthetic† (p. 122). Women love music just as men do. Therefore, as their music icons u sed Kitty products so do they got attracted. Television series and programs Since time immemorial, media has been very influential to Japanese women’s culture and personalities. Several media techniques are used to pass messages regarding new products and fashions that are currently dominating the market. Hello Kitty was popular in Japanese media, which also played a significant role in spreading the Japanese culture. In this sense, TVs play an important role in spreading media information (Yano, 2009). Several television programs demonstrated Hello Kitty products that helped it obtain extensive fame. Wai-ming (2002) posits, â€Å"Compared with Japanese television dramas, fashions, movies, or J-pop, Japanese fancy merchandise like Hello Kitty is more subtle in conveying Japanese ideas and values† (p.16). Superstars acted programs that ran through the TVs and women want to associate with famous actors. There were video games, karaoke, and music programs that demonstrate d Hello Kitty products, which were on popular demand. This element influenced the structuring of women to greater heights. By 1970s and 1990s, several Japanese programs were thrilling and captured several viewers. Conclusion Hello Kitty, the popular animated bobtail cat that dominated the Japanese social, economical, and even the psychological lives played a considerable role in structuring of Japanese women identify. McVeigh (2000) assert that Hello Kitty appeared in different ways enabling it to dominate the Japanese market. Due its global fame, variance in product supplies, and its cuteness, Hello Kitty managed to lure women into acquiring its products of which were mostly attractive, enthusing, and available in cheap goods, which were quite affordable to women. The company Sanrio, Japanese media, Japanese women culture, and global market trends enabled Hello Kitty products to penetrate easily into the market with women admiring the arts done by musicians, dramatists, and actors regarding Hello Kitty. Japanese women admired Hello Kitty in different ways including the appearance and colour. References Kelly, W. (1986). Rationalisation and Nostalgia: Cultural Dynamics of New Middle-Class Japan. American Ethnologist, 13(4), 603-618. Kovarovic, S. (2011). Hello Kitty: A Brand Made of Cuteness. Web. McVeigh, B.J. (2000). How Hello Kitty Commodifies the Cute, Cool and Camp: ‘Consumutopia’ versus ‘Control’ in Japan. Journal of Material Culture, 5(2), 225-245. Moeran, B. (2004). Soft Sell, Hard Cash: Marketing J-Cult in Asia. Copenhagen: CBS. Rebecca, S. (2012). Nailed it: Producing and Consuming in Tokyo’s Nail industry. Journal of Street Notes, 20,111-133. Sun, S. (2009). An Analysis on the Conditions and Methods of Market Segmentation. International Journal of Business and Management, 4(2), 63-70. Wai-ming, B. (2002). The Hello Kitty Craze in Singapore: A Cultural and Comparative Analysis. Web. Yano, C.R. (2009). Wink on Pink: In terpreting Japanese Cute as it Grabs the Global Headlines. The Journal of Asian Studies, 68(3), 681-688. 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Tuesday, November 26, 2019

The Question Concerning Technology Essay

The Question Concerning Technology Essay The aim of this essay is to provide a critical analysis of the reading ‘The Question Concerning Technology’. The author argues that the most important concepts brought about by Heidegger in his critically acclaimed essay are bringing forth, gestell and challenging forth. With this background, the following sections analyses the possibilities buried in these bringing forth, and succeeds the analysis with an assessment of technology through the eyes of Heidegger. The paper is divided into several parts, with the first being a summary of the question concerning technology in simpler terms than those of the original author. The second section is a commentary that includes an understanding of the concept of bringing forth, whereas the third section is the discussion of the relevance of the Question Concerning Technology. Summary of ‘The Question Concerning Technology’ Whereas most papers written about technology normally orientate themselves towards practical issues that cloud the implementation of given technologies, Heidegger chooses to narrow his scope on the school of thought that drives technology. Heidegger (1977, p. 3) argues that humans form a certain level of friendship with technology the moment they understand this school of thought. Firstly, Heidegger dismisses the apparent attribute that technology has been accorded, which implies that it is just a means to an end, and brings to his reader an analogy of the craftsmanship. Here, his opinion is that in the ancient times, craftsmanship occurred in four distinct causes, namely, efficient, final, formal and material. From the face value, it is not unusual to consider the most important of the four causes as the efficient cause of craftsmanship. On the contrary, the craftsman understands that none of the four causes is more glorified over the other, and, as such, they are all considered equ ally during the process of meditation and artistry of uniting them together into one item. It is while at this point that Heidegger reiterates, ‘The four ways of being responsible bring something into appearance. They let it come forth into presencing’ (1977, p. 9). He further comes up with a most-befitting term for the process, which he names bringing-forth, which is not simply a descriptive genre under which the four causes are considered, but a cohesive progression, ‘a single leading-forth to which [each of the causes] is indebted’ (Lovitt, 1972, p. 46). He further notes that bringing-forth ‘comes to pass only insofar as something concealed comes into unconcealment’ (1977, p. 11). His meaning here is that, rather than the craftsman claiming that he/she has created the item of art, he/she has only just revealed that which was concealed – a point which Heidegger elaborates in ‘The Thing’ with the making of a jug. Putting his analogy into context, Heidegger argues that modern technology uses the technique of challenging forth to reveal that which is hidden. The difference between challenging forth and the prior concept is that it involves the artist invoking both a sense of order and rapacity. This is to say that, while humans were one important element of the process of production, they now assume the role of control in production during challenging forth. Another most important component of challenging forth is efficiency, which is exemplified by the by the earth being set upon to produce the most quantity of or using the least amount of effort. In essence, challenging forth alters the view with which one envisions the world because it enables one ‘to be capable of transforming a forest into packaging for cheeseburgers, man must see the forest not as a display of the miracle of life, but as raw material, pure and simple’ (Zimmerman, 1977, p. 79). In challenging forth, production process brings to light those items which otherwise would have remained standing reserve following their being reduced to disposability. Disposability here comes in two dimensions, the first of is a technical application, implying that they are arranged and ordered with ease, like logs that are made from the chaos of a forest, which are now weighed, counted, shipped and piled. The second implication is that they are disposable in the original sense of the word, like razors and diapers that are replaced without a pine of pain for they are of little value. It is not unusual for one to wonder what push humans into challenging forth, an act which in itself is not laudable for the most part. Heidegger, pondering on this line of thought, postulates that there exists a phenomenon that ‘sets upon man to order the real as standing-reserve’ (1977, p. 19). The term he uses to define this phenomenon is enframing (Ge-stell in German). ‘Ge-stell’ is a word that combines definitions from the -stellen family of German verbs, which include entrapped (nachstellen), commanded (bestellen), and ordered (bestellen) (Harries 1994, p. 229). According to Heidegger, the default state of humans is being trapped by Ge-stell; which is what he means when he notes that ‘as the one who is challenged forth in this way, man stands within the essential realm of [Ge-stell]. He can never take up a relationship to it only subsequently’ (1977, p. 24; Sallis, 1971, p. 162). For Heidegger (1997, p. 25), human beings have different ‘ordainings of destining’, the default of which is that of Ge-stell, though there is also a possibility that one might choose a different road. In his argument, Heidegger notes that a special role as been granted humans, known b the name ‘Shepherds of Being’ (Ballard, 1971, p. 60). However, within the Ge-stell trap, we have the option of revealing things by way of bringing forth, which is why Hedegger makes the comment, ‘Placed between these possibilities, man is endangered from out of destining’ (1977, p. 26). Humans then clutch the ‘saving power’, with which they realise that, being the ‘shepherds of being’, they can bring forth rather than challenge forth. This implies that, if humans understand the school of thought behind technology, they get he freedom of choosing their fate – ‘we are already sojourning in the open space of destining’ (He idegger, 1977, p. 26). Critical Commentary on ‘The Question Concerning Technology’ Bringing forth If one were to draw conclusions about Plato and Aristotle solely from Heidegger’s remarks in ‘The Question Concerning Technology’, one would think that craftsmanship was a central issue for both of these ancient thinkers. Furthermore, from the warm light in which Heidegger bathes the craftsman, one might also come to believe that Plato and Aristotle have a certain reverence for craftsmen and the process of craftsmanship. Plato and Aristotle’s attitudes toward craftsmanship, however, can (at best) be described as ambivalent. In the Politics, Aristotle remarks, ‘†¦ no man can practice excellence who is living the life of a mechanic or laborer’ (1995, 1278a20). Craftsmen and craftsmanship receive a more favorable treatment in Plato, but Plato still makes the following unfriendly remark: If an offspring of [the guardians] should be found to have a mixture of iron or bronze, they must not pity him in any way, but give him the rank appropriate to his nature and drive him out to join the craftsmen and farmers. (1997, 415bc) A more serious problem with the notion of bringing-forth concerns the idea of revealing/unconcealment. Recall Heidegger’s comment in ‘The Thing’: The jug is not a vessel because it was made; rather, the jug had to be made because it is this holding vessel. The making †¦ lets the jug come into its own. But that which in the jug’s nature is its own is never brought about by its making. (1971, p. 168). Clearly, there is some sort of Platonic pre-existence at work here- the jug, apparently, pre-exists as concealed and is revealed through the co-responsible action of the four causes. The Overall Impact of ‘The Question Concerning Technology’ In general, it remains noteworthy that most documentations on technology deal only with pieces of it. While they are valuable in that they underline the functionalities of technology and their possible future direction, they leave out a very significant dimension of technology, which then goes unnoticed. This is the way of thinking that lies behind the creation and use of technology, in which most commentators might have discovered exiting new pathways of their thinking, had they been able to wade through ‘The Question Concerning Technology’, and other works of Heidegger, some of which also relate to environmental ethics. Had there been some dignity intricate in all living things, then there would be need to give more respect to the world, and this is the case. If the world continues to undergo destruction in the hands of humans by their entrapment in challenging forth, there is need to make systematic steps of freeing people from their ideological prison. One way in which this can be achieved is altering some vital components of the education system. One big success factor for ‘The Question Concerning Technology’ is its shift away from individual components of technology towards the school of thought behind it. There, nevertheless, exists a danger in this success, which is that it may turn the focus on the school of thought that lies behind technology so much as to obscure the meaningful distinction in the world. In a remark that was originally a part of ‘The Question Concerning Technology’, but was later excised (Harries, 1994, p. 233), this danger manifests itself: Agriculture is now a motorized food industry- in essence the same as the anufacture of corpses in the gas chambers and extermination campus, the same as the blockading and starvation of nations, the same as the manufacture of hydrogen bombs. (Ferry Renaut, 1990, p. 71) (Schirmacher, 1983, p. 25) In the statement above, what Heidegger is pointing out is that concentration camps and modern agriculture are already implementing the process of challenging forth into standing reserve. Clearly, however, to say that modern agriculture and the death camps are ‘in essence the same’ obviates meaningful empirical distinctions and trivializes the significance of the extermination camps. Rorty notes, ‘Heidegger needed to see everything in our century other than its technologism as mere transitory appearance’ (1994, p. 36). Heidegger’s philosophy also fails on the account that it fails to acknowledge the benefits of technology. For instance, it would be worthy to note that lives of people are greatly improved by the presence of the hydroelectric dam across the Rhine and, as Rorty (1977, p. 302) notes, the multiplication of technology across the earth has in itself prevented large numbers of people from starving to death. Note worthily, however, despite his lack of acknowledgment for the significance of technology, Heidegger never urges humans to give it up. This leaves humans with the ultimate option of saying yes to the unavoidable use of technology, and at the same time saying no to technological confusion, and wastage would engulf and destroy our existence (1966, p. 54). This brings to mind the clichà © of having one’s cake and eating it too, which is what humans try to do when they try to conveniently say ‘yes’ to the modern technologies that make our lives so comfortable , while somehow apparently saying ‘no’ to them as well. The greatest difficulties with ‘The Question Concerning Technology’, however, are technical rather than ideological. Conclusion To conclude, it is worth noting that the ‘The Question Concerning Technology’ is a set of very important tools, namely, bringing-forth, challenging-forth to standing-reserve, and Ge-stell, all of which are very useful. As such, their proper use can unlock the keys to repairing the broken relationship that exist between the world and humans. In Republic Plato (1997) notes that ‘†¦ if it is appropriate for anyone to use falsehoods for the good of the city †¦ it is the rulers’ (398b). While others might suggest that harbingers of indoctrination (the Platonic view that serves to tell the noble, educational lie to the masses) are what precede the defence of Heidegger, having based his arguments on the grounds of usefulness. Perhaps, however, a time has come when philosophers need not apologize for advocating the noble lie; the elites have already told the people a plethora of lies, most of which are ignoble.

Friday, November 22, 2019

Analytic and Sequential Learning

Analytic and Sequential Learning An analytic person likes to learn things step-by-step, or sequentially. Sound familiar? If so, look over these characteristics to find out if these traits hit home, as well. Then you may want to capitalize on the study recommendations and improve your study skills. Are You a Sequential Learner? An analytic or sequential learner may be more likely to respond to a problem with logic first, instead of emotion.If youre a sequential learner, you may feel the need to understand each part of an algebra equation.You may be good with time management, and you probably get to school on time.You tend to remember names.Your notes may be divided and labeled. You categorize things a lot.You plan ahead. Problems You may get hung up on details when reading. You have to understand something before you move on.You might get frustrated easily with people who dont understand things as quickly as you do. Analytic Style Study Tips Do you become frustrated when people assert opinions as facts? People who are very analytic learners might. Analytic learners like facts and they like learning things in sequential steps. They are also fortunate because many of their preferred methods are used in traditional teaching. Teachers also enjoy giving tests that favor analytic learners, like true and false or multiple choice exams. Since your learning style is compatible with traditional teaching styles and you enjoy order, your biggest problem is getting frustrated. An analytic learner may benefit from the following: Ask for clear rules. You need clarity. Without rules, you might feel lost.Dont get frustrated by opinions. Some students may offer opinions in class, especially the holistic learners who want to make comparisons! It is just their way of understanding, so dont let it bother you.Dont worry about not finishing a task. You may not want to move on to a new task if something (like a lack of supplies) interferes with your work. Try not to get hung up. Sometimes its okay to move on and re-visit a project later.Dont worry if things dont seem logical. We dont make the rules sometimes. If you come across a rule that doesnt make sense, dont let it bother you to distraction.Group your information. Analytic learners are good at categorizing information. Go ahead and place your information into categories. It will help you recall the information when you need it.Sit in the front of the class, to avoid distractions. If youre annoyed by rowdy or talkative students in the back of the class, try to sit where you wont notice them. Dont worry about big concepts right away - give yourself time. If youre reading a book or chapter and you dont seem to be getting the message, give it time. You may need to know all the details first, and then put them together.Take things step-by-step, but dont get hung up. If youre doing a math problem with an equation, dont get hung up if you dont understand a certain step. Take a leap of faith!Ask for a specific goal. Analytic learners may feel the need to understand the specific goal before they can get into a project. Go ahead and ask for clear goals if you need them. You may want to check out the characteristics of a global learner.You can also discover the characteristics of students who learn best by seeing, hearing, or experiencing.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Analyze movie Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Analyze movie - Essay Example mummy has brought so many questions to light with regards not only to how worthy these claims are but also to the ancient way of life of the past ancestors. The discovery of a man having a copper ax at a time when such thing was not a thing of imagination also begs the question of how accurate the historical dating and recordings are. Many hypotheses were put to explain the discovery of a body in the mount Alps buried in the glacier, the nature of his death and the accuracy of the scientific technology (James). This amazing discovery is what prompted the scripting and finally production of the movie bearing the title â€Å"Iceman Murder Mystery’’. The movie bears all the processes that were involved from the discovery to the final autopsy procedures conducted on the mummified copse of Otzi. The movie however, according to how it was directed depicts or portrays a different theme all together. According to my understanding, the movie tries to portray the fact that human nature remains the same despite the level of advancement achieved in technology and thinking. For this reason, I tend to share a common understanding with Eduard Egarter Vigl on the connection he felt with the Mummy after looking at his face, position of the body and mortality in general. For this reason, was I to be the director of the movie, I would have named or titled it â€Å"Otzi the Stone Age modern man: A Reflection Of human Socio-cultural connectedness to the Past†. The movie in my observation was cast to reflect in the human nature that never changes despite the number of years that pass by. This is supported by almost all the theories that were put forward to explain the cause of death of the Mummy. The theory that now support this argument even further is the one that is seen to be favoured most about the death resulting from not, an animal, not another skirmishes, not any falling glacier but a person from the inside of where Otzi was coming from. This though not well explained in the

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

MPC FINANCE( HR MANAGEMENT) Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

MPC FINANCE( HR MANAGEMENT) - Case Study Example Some recommendations have been made for the better utilisation and management of human resource of the company which will help the company in achieving better results with regard to their human resource management. There are certain inefficiencies found in the human resource management of the company. Management is relying on the hierarchical structure for in an old progressive manner for deciding the compensation of company's employees. Work force is hired at the lowest level and they progress with the passage of time towards the upward positions. Due to this system employees do not tend to work harder for quick progress in the company and thus efficiency is compromised due to un-utilisation of full potential of some employees. The performance management system of company is top down with little chances of interaction between management and subordinates. At the work place where everyone is included in a team and the best of results are achieved through team work, this is not a very good scenario for optimum utilisation of company's resources. Last in first out redundancy policy is in use by company, which is obviously not a universal axiom and the employees should be evaluated with the system which best describes the value added by them in the company.Another defect in the company's HRM system is the dissatisfaction among the employees of regional offices due to general perception that headquarter employees are taken well care of as compared to the regional office employees and due to the fact that absenteeism and labour turnover in the regional offices is three times that in the headquarters offices. Moreover workforce was hired through word of mouth in order to contain costs. Female staff has occupied the lower positions in the company whereas male staff has occupied higher positions and lower staff members are being invested in and encouraged to come up and occupy higher positions as well. It has been observed that people hired from ethnical minorities are not settled in the company's environment because they feel unsecure, unaccepted and lesser career prospects. Turnover of staff appointed within the last year is very high. Other complains include management has invested heavily in the complex IT system and employees are very passive in doing work through that advanced technology. Conclusions There are changes to be made to the HRM system by the management for making it beneficial that would result in the employees' satisfaction. It has been concluded that company's employees are the most valuable assets of company and these are the employees who make up the whole company. For a company it is equally important for its employees to grow and remain satisfied and happy with their jobs. Therefore, the company should invest appropriately in its employees in order to make full use of their abilities. Company should promote and encourage a culture that ensures that all of the employees are satisfied with their peers, their working environment, their infrastructure and

Saturday, November 16, 2019

Gender in The Importance of Being Earnest Essay Example for Free

Gender in The Importance of Being Earnest Essay Dramatic comedy originated in Ancient Greece in 5th century BC, centred around loose plot lines and exploiting certain situations through parody, farce and mockery. Comedy started developing in 4th Century BC where intricate plot lines were introduced, commonly based around love and romance and usually culminating in a satisfactory and happy resolution. This is much like the structure of ‘The Importance of Being Earnest’ as the play revolves around the growing relationships of both Jack and Gwendolen and Algernon and Cecily. Oscar Wilde has reversed the roles of gender in this play, the females are those who take the lead and are seen as the most dominant characters throughout – a very bizarre layout in a time period where men were seen as the head of the family and the most assertive figure. Lady Bracknell is the most domineering character throughout the play, and this a result of the eloquent and rather unnatural language she uses. She takes on the role of her husband in Act 1 when Jack asks for Gwendolen’s hand in marriage- â€Å"I feel obliged to tell you that you are not down on my list of eligible young men† this was often the father’s role. Throughout the conversation it is quite apparent that Lady Bracknell holds all the power, and Wilde does this through all the questions she asks. Additionally, her questioning seems rather irrelevant and ridiculous at times, she asks â€Å"Do you smoke?† to which Jack admits he does and Lady Bracknell replies â€Å"I am glad to hear it. A man should always have an occupation of some kind†. Here the addictive habit that Jack has taken up is being compared to a profession and is creating humour due to the nature of the question and how much apparent importance it holds. It seems as though Wilde is using Lady Bracknell to â€Å"mock those in authority† [1] by presenting her as a character with no real agenda to her long and painful questioning – other than to talk. In Act 3, Lady Bracknell makes another appearance, which only highlights her towering force in the play. She has come to Jack’s house in the country to retrieve Gwendolen and take her home and makes it quite clear that her husband does not know where Gwendolen really is â€Å"Her unhappy father is, I am glad to say, under the impression that she is attending a more than lengthy lecture by the University Extension Scheme on the influence of a  permanent income on Thought. I do not propose to undeceive him.† This would have been seen as quite unusual at a time where wives wouldn’t have gone behind their husband’s backs, thus reinforcing Lady Bracknell’s authoritative demeanour and leaving the audience amused. Furthermore, Wilde’s portrayals of both Gwendolen and Cecily run parallel to one another. They mirror each other and are the assertive half of their relationships with Jack and Algernon. This is first shown between Jack and Gwendolen when Jack proposes. Jack announces his love for Gwendolen and she in turn, offers it back. Jack then says â€Å"..I mean we must get married at once. There is no time to be lost.† To which Gwendolen replies â€Å"†¦But you haven’t proposed to me yet. Nothing has been said at all about marriage.† Gwendolen is taking control of the situation and is expressing what she desires for Jack to then grant her, her wishes. This is the same scene where Jack lies about his name once again to Gwendolen. â€Å"Selfishness and servility are the moral alternatives presented† – Katherine Worth. Gwendolen admits she could never love anyone with the name ‘Jack’ for â€Å"there is very little music in the name Ja ck†. This, to the audience seems rather pompous and shallow and is why it is humorous. And after all that Gwendolen has said, Jack does indeed go along with this though, and continues to call himself Ernest. In the scene where Cecily and Algernon first meet, Algernon also lies about his true identity – he introduces himself as Jack’s brother, Ernest. Whilst Cecily and Algernon are talking in the garden, Jack arrives home. He confides in Miss Prism and Chasuble that his younger brother ‘Ernest’ died in Paris of a severe chill. At this moment in time, the audience are taking great pleasure at the fact that they know something the characters do not – that Jack’s so called brother is in the garden. Afterwards, Cecily confesses to Algernon that they have been engaged for the past three months, and Algernon submissively accepts this to be both true and normal. This is the first indication of who the most assertive figure is in their relationship. The fact that Cecily writes to herself, on the behalf of ‘Ernest’ is rather ridiculous, and once again Algernon goes through with this. She continues on to tell him when their engagement was broken off, she  says â€Å"It would hardly have been a really serious engagement if it hadn’t have been broken off at least once. But I forgave you before the week was out† she talks about how their engagement wouldn’t have been ‘serious’, although it had never even happened and this displays marriage to be not all that serious in itself. In reply to this, Algernon thanks her for forgiving him – for something he did not do, â€Å"What a perfect angel you are Cecily.† This only highlights that he is inferior to her. When Cecily and Gwendolen meet each other at Jacks house in the country, a lot of confusion is caused for they both think they are engaged to the same man. But before they stumble across this realisation, they become ‘friends’ instantly Gwendolen says â€Å"..Something tells me that we are going to be great friends† to which Cecily replies â€Å"How nice have you to like me so much after we have known each other such a comparatively short amount of time.† The girls then find out they are ‘in competition’ with one another and their ‘friendship’ turns sour. This is comical due to the fact that just a few seconds ago they were very friendly and lovely to one another. When both Jack and Algernon approach and the matter is cleared up that neither one of them is ‘Ernest’ and that they have been lying to the women, Cecily and Gwendolen’s relationship takes a u-turn, not back to friendship, but to sisterhood. This was foreshadowed in Act 1 where Algernon says â€Å"Women only call themselves sister when they have called each other a lot of other things first†. Cecily and Gwendolen storm off into the house and Algernon and Jack cowardly hold back, where Algy begins to scoff the muffins and they start to blame one another for what just happened and it takes them a while before they approach the women in the house. However when they do it also doesn’t take long for both women to forgive them, they contradict themselves frequently in the process: Gwendolen – â€Å" But we will not speak first† Cecily – â€Å"Certainly not† Gwendolen – â€Å"Mr Worthing, I have something very particular to ask you. Much depends on your reply.† The irony of the situation is what is so amusing, the women cannot stay silent and wait for the men to speak, once again they have to be in control of the situation. However, the play began in â€Å"turmoil but (ended) in harmony† [2] as both couples were happily reunited. All throughout the play, women like to think they are the leaders and the superior, and on the surface they do appear to be, with their high demands being answered and always leading the conversations in which ever way they wish but at the end of the day, they always forgive or accept only what a man can offer, even if they demanded more. Bibliography: [1] Barbara Bleiman, Anna Sarchet and Lucy Webster: â€Å"Studying comedy† (2012) [2] Susan Snyder: â€Å"The Cambridge companion to Shakespeare† (2001)

Thursday, November 14, 2019

The Presentation of Bill Sikes in Oliver Twist Essay -- English Litera

Analyse the presentation of Bill Sikes in the novel Oliver Twist. You should refer to aspects such as the author’s viewpoint, language and the social and historical contest. I am going to write a detailed and accurate piece of writing in the form of an essay to answer the statement above. I will do this by using quotes from the book, my own theories on what the author is trying to portray Bill Sikes as and also my own knowledge of the Victorian era. I will be looking at specific areas, which I feel will help me write a more concluding and correct account of the story â€Å"Oliver Twist.† I will focus on areas such as Bill Sikes behaviour towards others, how characters around Sikes react when he is there and how backgrounds and phrases reflect the character of Sikes. The author of this novel, Charles Dickens has written throughout in 3rd person, I believe he has done this to show Sikes as the character he really is, a mean thoughtless and thuggish person in society, this makes the reader believe that he was actually there witnessing the life and times of Sikes. It is therefore written in an omniscient kind of way, as you feel as though Charles Dickens was watching over Sikes as if God like. I have interpreted to be quite a good way in writing the story because Sikes is anything but an angel, as he goes around stealing and bullying people into doing things for him, like his dirty work. This gives a contrasting effect on the story. It is written in 3rd person to create a judging description on the other characters. This has made characters such as Oliver and Nancy seem good people and then characters like Fagin, Dodger and Sikes seem bad ones. By adding such things as prostitution, thieving (pick-pocket... ... murderer. Dickens may have also written about Sikes ‘accidentally’ hanging himself because if the hundreds of people who had gathered and were know after him, caught up with him, then he would of got hung by them in the town anyway. Why the chase is on to catch Sikes, hundreds of people hear of what he has done and want to see him brutally killed because they believe that it would be justice. â€Å"Each little bridge (and there were three in sight) bent beneath the weight of the crown upon it. Still the current poured on to find some nook or hole from which to vent their shouts, and only for an instant see the wretch†. This shows how much Sikes was hated in his last few moments alive. I also believe that justice was done when Sikes died, he was a bully, a woman beater, a murderer, a kidnapper and both physically and verbally cruel to everyone he met.

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

Microsoft Windows operating system

Known by its codename â€Å"Longhorn†, Windows Vista finished development on November 8, 2006. However, development completion was not automatically followed by public release. Instead, the following three months saw the operating system released in stages to computer hardware and software manufacturers, business customers, and retail channels. Only at the end of January the following year was Windows Vista finally released worldwide for the use of the general public. This latest release of a Microsoft Windows operating system version took the longest time to happen among all previous releases. It took Microsoft more than five years to finish Windows Vista after it had previously introduced Windows XP. While these two circumstances of Vista’s release led most critics to question Microsoft’s capability of coming up with better versions of its Windows operating system series, a better understanding of the nature of digital products and the intrinsic complexities that need to be considered in the development of such technology would reveal that all the delays were necessary steps that Microsoft had t take to ensure the Windows Vista’s successful public launch. The Complexity of Digital Products Unlike physical products like cars or cans of beans, manufacturing digital products naturally takes a longer time to get finalized. Firstly, developmental factors to consider are exponentially more dynamic. A software manufacturing company has to consider the amount of material being released by the day over the internet regarding the performance of their old products as well as improvements made on the products of their competition. With the emergence of other operating systems like UNIX, Linux, and Macintosh’s Mac OS X Tiger which are increasingly becoming more popular among consumers, it becomes even more important for Windows developers to spend as long a time as it takes to gather as much enough data on what new features would be most innovative and least redundant so as to obtain a better market share. Secondly, unlike in the case of car manufacturing wherein new models that look different but run on the same engines can command significant buyer preferences, a new version of a software that only â€Å"looks† different but is otherwise the same as its predecessor would be severely rejected by consumers. There has to be a significant difference between the features of previous software and that of its successor in order for the new product to be at least marketable. After the release of Windows XP, Vista’s predecessor, little room for improvement was left to Windows where appearances were concerned. Therefore, Microsoft had to make drastic changes to XP’s successor if it hoped to be able to convince the public that Vista was worth buying. As a result, Windows Vista was released containing hundreds of new and reworked features. It contains a new concept of graphical user interface dubbed Windows Aero that is unlike any other that currently exists in the market. Its improved multimedia creation tools include a DVD maker that was completely redesigned from the preceding generally unpopular Windows Movie Maker. The Windows Explorer's task panel was removed in favor for a â€Å"Favorite links† panel that was determined to be a potentially more useful feature. Even the address bar was replaced with a new breadcrumb navigation system that makes it much easier to jump from one previously viewed page to another (Windows Vista). All these changes are extremely unlike those seem in the transitions from Windows 95 to Windows XP, and they would not have been possible had Microsoft not taken their time. Security ; Stability: O.S. Essentials In the advent of the world’s growing dependence on ecommerce, it becomes a prime imperative to secure one’s computer from hostile access. Much like how physical security providers test new systems, so do operating system manufacturers test theirs in order to ensure that as much freedom from possible corruption or intrusion is provided. Consumers will not trust a new O.S. product if there is any significant reason to worry that using it would put the sensitive financial and personal information they store in their computers at risk. This is why manufacturers typically undergo several stages of testing that was seen in the case of Windows Vista. This process generally consists of three stages: 1.) internal, 2.) operational, and 3.) external (Grover 78). Internal testing usually takes the longest to complete. It is also where the manufacturers locate most of the possible sources of instability such as program bugs, and script errors. However, testing an operating system’s security capabilities cannot be extensively done during the internal testing stage. This is because the manufacturers need to expose the software to the actual hostile environment of the World Wide Web. Thus, the operational stage sees manufacturers periodically releasing the operating system to semi-controlled entities such as distributors or selected test groups in order to try how the system would fare at the hands of relatively typical users when facing the different viruses, worms, and hacking programs at large in the internet. It is also in the operation stage where manufacturers release the operating system to software and hardware manufacturers in order to gauge the new system’s compatibility with new devices and programs that would also be released in the market. Finally, even after the release of the operating system, the external testing stage is where manufacturers set up means to gather as much feedback from consumers as possible in order to fix any problems that the first two stages might have overlooked. The chances of problems occurring at the third stage of testing should be highly unlikely but the stage is nonetheless implemented as a failsafe mechanism. Microsoft had followed all the necessary stages in new product development where operating systems are concerned. This explains also explains that long time it took for Vista to come out as well as the necessity of the delay of its release to the public. Work Cited: Grover, John J. Product Development: A Managerial Perspective. Simmons ; Sons: New York, 2004 Windows Vista. 2007. Microsoft Website. July 20, 2007 ;http://www.microsoft.com/windows/products/windowsvista/default.mspx;